During this period Antiochus was absent in the east, attempting to restore the eastern part of his empire. The war between Rome and Antiochus III was perhaps an inevitable result of the increasing Roman involvement in Greek affairs that had begun during the First Macedonian War (215-205 B.C.). Fifteen years after that first alliance a Roman and Aetolian army crushed the power of Macedonia at Cynoscephalae, and only seven more years would pass before their victory over the Seleucid Empire at Magnesia. Just as the Romans had feared, one war inevitably led to another. That year also saw a Roman fleet enter Greek waters for the first time. the Romans arranged an alliance with the Aetolian League. Philip V of Macedonia had declared war on Rome ( First Macedonian War), and in 212 B.C. This changed in the aftermath of the battle of Cannae. The Romans had traditionally been wary of any involvement in the confused and often warlike politics of Greece, aware than any involvement had the potential to become an open ended drain on their resources. This war is also known as the Roman-Syrian War, or the war between Rome and Seleucid Syria, although at this period neither title is entirely accurate – the Seleucid Empire at this stage was not yet restricted to Syria, and stretched much further to the east. The war between Rome and Antiochus III (192-188 B.C.) was the second of two wars that saw the Roman Republic, in a period of less than a decade, defeat the two most powerful of the successor states to the empire of Alexander the Great – Macedonia and the Seleucid Empire.
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